Marraige Life vs Singal Life

The difference between the marriage life and the single life is there are advantages, and disadvantages. Although married life sounds stable, there are more benefits to being single, in the short and long term picture. (Marriage Vs Single Life. ) In today society a lot of people are being married and still being single. This particular way of thing has changed their lives. In this compare and contrast the difference between single and married people lives. Single life mainly has no responsibility at all. Being single you don’t have to come home to anyone. If you like being alone this is the perfect lifestyle for you. You don’t have to share your money, everything is about you. There are a lot of people that would like to be stress free no one nagging them. Single people can spend their time with anyone they choose. They can come in at anytime they like, and they don’t have to worry about cleaning up behind others. They just have to clean up behind the selves. Single people also have very big trust issue. Marriage people have the companionship of each other and their children. Compared to the single people married people schedule are too busy. Married people have to conduct their partners and children lives as well. Married people can’t live a free life if they want to go with their friends they have to let their partner know there are rules to having a happy successful life. Never both partners be mad at once, never yell all ways talk problems out in a normal voice. Never discuss your problem around a crowd of people, always agree with your partner around crowds , but if you disagree let them know later. Being married emotional support is expected or given with every thought or action. I would choose the married life over the single life. I love the sharing part and the company. I’ve always love being around people so I personally think that I would be a good candidate for the marriage life. I wouldn’t choose the single life because being single and coming to your own empty house not having anyone waiting for me to share my day or thoughts. In this conclusion being single takes a toll on you, while being married has its toll too. But you have someone too,but you will have someone deeply share them with a true friend for life like the marriage says. â€Å"Till death do us part. â€Å"

Raymond Carver Cathedral Response

The story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver is about one man's understanding and acceptance of a blind man. The narrator represents the story's dominant theme of overcoming prejudice of the blind through personal experience as well as mutual respect. The narrator, who remains nameless, holds deeply unfounded beliefs and stereotypes of what a blind person should be, yet over a relatively short period of time he develops a bond with the blind man, whom at first he privately mocked. The narrator's preconceived notions about blind people are proved false when he meets the blind man (Robert) for the first time.The narrator is not looking forward to having a blind man stay at his home. â€Å"Now this same blind man was coming to sleep in my house† (230). Yet once Robert arrives at his home he is shocked that he does not conform to his idea of the blind. â€Å"But he didn't use a cane and he didn't wear dark glasses. I'd always thought dark glasses were a must for the blindà ¢â‚¬  (232). At supper the narrator begins to see Robert as a capable human being rather than a burden and he remarks that he watched with admiration as Robert used his knife and fork on the meat. He'd cut two pieces of meat, fork the meat into his mouth, and then go all out for the scalloped potatoes, the beans next, and then he'd tear off a hunk of buttered bread and eat that† (233). Suddenly the narrator no longer has much to base his prejudices on. The narrator's understanding of Robert is enhanced when Robert agrees to smoke dope with the narrator despite never trying it before. This brings the narrator and Robert closer together as they share a moment like old friends. Now the narrator is beginning to

Proper Way to Live by Confucianism and Taoism Essay

Confucianism and Taoism are ideologies that originated from China. These two ideologies have become popular even though different in their various approaches. The analysis of this paper will include introduction of the main ideologies of Confucianism and Taoism, and it is also providing a comparison between the two ideologies. Confucianism It is a word used for the ideologies of Confucius, a scholar that existed at the time of warring states. The keyword of Confucianism generally is the concept of humanism (Ritzer 37). Among the five virtues of Confucianism are Humanism, Righteousness, Principle, Knowledge, and Integrity. Taoism He was a scholar who like the others lived in the period of the warring states, and had a different approach in his ideologies. Tao is the main concept of Taoism, meaning â€Å"way.† It is described as a spontaneous, natural, external way of things, as well as the way they pursue their course (Ritzer38). The argument of many philosophies is that in case people are going to let everything in life to flow in their own way, then everything would definitely work out, like in the starts of his argument in this case it affirms the word â€Å"refrain.† While Confucianism has emphasized more on humans and their capabilities, Taoism has emphasized nature and equality. According to Confucius when an individual has faults, he should not have fear in abandoning them. Confucianism recognizes the need to be strong by shunning away any set back from other people who do not recognize the ability that you possess as portrayed by the statement â€Å"Do not grieve when people fail to recognize your ability, Grieve for your lack of ability† (Ritzer 38). The philosophy talked about not listening or be bothered with what other people think about your ability but always rise-up to the occasion and not grieve. These concepts are what Confucius was using in bringing order and peace to society and he was considered successful in doing so. Based on the facts that his argument on life emphasizes more on the importance of human relations, it is still influential. Confucius has emphasized humbleness, the philosophy describes what a noble mind aspires to â€Å"slow to speak and quick to act,† in the same way the ancient people spoke little. This is similar to Lao Tzu view about life describing life to be with little quarrels in order to avoid quarrelling with other people. Moreover, Confucius view about life is all about loyalty, ready to change whenever wrong, always standing by your words, as well as choosing only the kindred as your friends. Taoism has emphasized humbleness and gratefulness throughout life, â€Å"†¦have little and gain; Have much and be confused.† Taoism also has considered humbleness in life in another perspective affirming need for a person to stand by his own words as a way of being humble. The philosopher describes wise men as setting example to all and in order for that to happen a wise man must always stand by his own word, a character that can be desired and be emulated. Taoism view about life has been considered as perhaps too mystical. It can be criticized to be just an ideology that is trying to escape reality. Moreover, as much as Taoism could give a skeptical view, it failed to provide a realistic solution about life. However, Confucius as a philosophy is more welcomed because it has a deeper sense of life with realistic solution, especially regarding the opinion that other people have about some other people. According to Confucius, people should not just be comfortable with the way they have been described and given title, whether positive or negative. When they talk good about other people, do not just take the complement and remain comfortable, investigate and find out the reason behind being good to them. This is always more serious when they hate you. Since there are many reasons behind somebody holding an opinion about another person, it is indeed important to investigate more why other people have decided to have that opinion, this is because there may be genuine reason behind doing so or may just be a misunderstanding of what was wrongly perceived. According to Confucius just like Taoism in some aspects every individual is required to act with virtue in every social matters, family, community, state, and kingdom, mainly to ensure order and unity. Though these two philosophies may have taken different philosophies, they have in one way or the other succeeded in shaping of the society in terms of their way of life and their approach to life. Realistic or not realistic their ideologies stand to stay and the perceiving mind is what should embrace and accept the reality. Conclusion Following the rise of individualism and freedom, the modern society always forgets their manners and patience. Most of the people tend to be selfish, rude, and having over high esteem about themselves. Just as emphasized by Confucius in his time, people should learn to be calm and respectful in life. Also Taoism has pointed out the need to learn being free, empty our minds, as well as clear our souls. This is because nobody in this world that do not need peace of minds. References Ritzer, George.Contemporary Sociological Theory and Its Classical Roots: The Basics. McGraw-Hill, 2009. 37–38. Print. Source document

Major Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Major Depression - Essay Example Cuijpers, Pim et al. cite major depression as the leading cause of disability in the world (137). Whereas antidepressant medication effectively corrects the imbalance in neurotransmitters, it only suppresses symptoms but does not cure and also has a varied range of side effects. Psychotherapy is a safe and efficacious approach to correct maladaptive thinking and unsatisfying behavior but is less effective than medication. Problem Major depression risks not just the health but the lives of millions of people around the world. As observed by the National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, this disorder causes disability and even death if left untreated. A combination of environmental, biological and psychological factors contributes to the development of the disorder. Whatever specific cause could be linked to depression, Lam (12) observes that scientific research firmly considers major depression as a biological medical illness. There are three neurotransmitters associated with major de pression: dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. A chemical imbalance in these neurotransmitters results in major depression. ... Illnesses such as cancer and heart disease and some forms of medications also trigger episodes of major depression. A majority of major depression episodes occur spontaneously and not as a result of being triggered by physical illness, life crises or other risks. Its onset could be mild thus not obvious. Major depression causes persistently irritable or bad mood (DeRubels, Slegle and Hollon 789). Patients exhibit pronounced changes in appetite, energy and sleep with their interest or pleasure in activities they enjoyed slowly fading away. It makes remembering, concentrating and thinking difficult. The persistent symptoms such as chronic pain, digestive disorders and headaches fail to respond to treatment. Moreover, major depression causes a feeling of emptiness, hopelessness, worthlessness and guilt and promotes recurrent death or suicide thoughts (Lam 10). These effects, especially when occurring at the same time and for longer periods, interfere with normal functioning. There is st rong evidence to link major depression to biological and environmental factors. The higher prevalence of the disorder among women than men could be attributed to the psychosocial, biological, hormonal and life cycle factors that affect women more than men (Cuijpers, Pim et al. 138). Furthermore, the impact of hormones on the brain to control mood and emotions clearly points towards the biological causes of the disorder. For instance, women would be more likely to develop major depression after birth. Additionally, women facing more stress at work and home would be exposed to the disorder more than men. The medical condition associated with old age explains the biological cause of major

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Music - Essay Example Mozart’s ability to deviate from this provided the listener a welcome sense of surprise and emotions of the unexpected when listening to his works. All of these factors helped to add to the new and fresh flavor that Mozart’s music brought to his contemporary audience. Likewise, in keeping with his ability to bend and/or break the rules of music, Mozart combined many different styles of music into his pieces, drawing from the breadth and range of contemporary and historical works to augment his ideas. Sonatas generally begin with an introduction. This is shortly followed by an exposition that explores a series of themes. Following this is the development of harmony and texture of the exposition. After a sometimes lengthy development, the piece refers back to a recapitulation of the original exposition. Afterwards the sonata is oftentimes concluded by a coda. Beethoven’s third piano concerto is interesting in the fact that it also broke many of the musical norms that existed at his time. What is of special interest about this piece in particular is the range and modality of the minor keys that are exhibited therein. For instance, the first movement of the piece begins in c minor, the second movement progresses to E major, and the third is in Eb major. What is unique about this is the fact that it is yet another example of how Beethoven broke the â€Å"rules† of composition and music as they existed in the 18th century. Instead of adhering to the rigid structure that defined the concerto, Mozart was able to break out from this and develop upon ideas that had not been previously explored. Although to us, his music is nothing new, to the audiences of that time, the piece was pushing the boundaries of convention. Likewise, as a direct result of his practices, Beethoven helped to shift the dynamic of how music was played and composed by his contemporaries as

West indian literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

West indian literature - Essay Example Poet uses a language blends with her native language with enormous simplicity and the Caribbean have the view that their language is something differ from other language. The language of the poem reveals the suppression and sufferings of Caribbean people with all its emotional conflicts. In his article, entitled ‘Selected poems by Lorna Goddison’ Almendarez shares similar views about the Goddison’s language. He rightly puts it as: â€Å"Many of Goodison’s poems express a deep connection to Jamaica with all of its open wounds and beauty scars.†(Almendarez, Ayme, 2006). Her images are related with harsh realities of colonization and the suffering women folk in Caribbean countries. In her poem, Survivor Goddison uses free verse with an extensive use of words. The repetition of consonant sounds constitutes rhythmic quality of the poem. When analyzing the poem one can identify themes like the inner feelings and identity crisis, yearnings of the heart, and the clamors and temptations of the rough world are explored the following lines. The poet sings: â€Å"They took most living things/ even some rare species/ with extended wings† (Goodison, 4-6). The excellent use of figure of speech is another significant feature of Goddison’s poetry. The use of metaphor is apt to the situation when the poet remarks about her ancestors who sacrificed themselves for attaining their birth rights. Poet says, â€Å"So, here the wind plays/mourning notes/ on bones that once were ribs.†(Goodison, 11-13). The movement of the wind has been attributed as playing ‘mourning notes’ with a musical touch. There is a note of simile when she writes, ‘barrel of rain.’ The poem Survivor filled with rich images and word pictures. The survival of Caribbean woman can see such as ‘bear feet and bound hair’. The words of Chamberlin make it clear when he rightly says, â€Å"This freedom, along with the love and language of their islands, has been nourished by West

Cosmetic Industry Advertising Analysis- Prime focus on L'Oreal Essay

Cosmetic Industry Advertising Analysis- Prime focus on L'Oreal - Essay Example L’Oreal is one such cosmetic company who with their effective advertising campaigns is able to attract consumers from various cultures from all the over, thereby achieving sizable profits and in the process becoming the largest cosmetics and beauty company of the world. Among the many industries, the cosmetic industry is an ever expanding one, as the desire of the people to look as well as feel good has been increasing, irrespective of gender, age, culture, etc. L’Oreal Group is able to cater to these segments of consumers by offering products for hair care, hair colouring, skin care as well as beautifying products in three international brands, namely L’Oreal Paris, Garnier and Maybelline. One of the key as well as successful branding cum advertising strategy adopted by L’Oreal and missed by its competitors is the reaching out to the customers of different countries of the world, across different income ranges and cultural patterns. (finance.mapsofworld.c om). That is, instead of focusing on one country or even a particular continent and one target customer base, L’Oreal has and is still expanding to newer markets with various products as part of differentiation strategy. â€Å"L'Oreal uses different brands to attract different markets†¦shows no desire to create the world in its own, singular image† (Haig 2006). Importantly, in their operations worldwide, L’Oreal comes up with advertisement campaigns which cater to the local population, even while maintaining an international look. International look in the sense, even if L’Oreal come up with advertisements catering to the local population featuring local celebrities or models, they make sure that the celebrity or even the model has an non-ethnic international facial features. On the other hand, some international advertisements with international celebrities are also showcased in other countries, with the language or voice over dubbed in the local la nguage. In addition, the advertisements are shot by International advertising agencies to give that look. This can be seen in the key market of India, where L’Oreal advertisements although have local celebrities like Former Miss World and Indian actress Aishwarya Rai, it projects an international look. â€Å"Cosmetics major L’Oreal uses international advertising for its brands like the hair.† (Jacob 2002).Thus, it is clear that as â€Å"a result of this transnational approach, L'Oreal is apparently able to maintain a similar image for all its brands wherever they are sold.† (Bogucki and Kredens 2010). While its competitors are now only following L’Oreal’s path and are diversifying and entering various markets. That is, these companies mainly catered to the local market and people of particular ethnicity and race, and so their advertising campaigns had a certain market centric ‘look’. For example, Shiseido, Japan’s number one cosmetics company and fourth largest in the world, exhibited this behaviour as they mainly focused on the Asia-Pacific region and thereby came up with advertising campaigns that predominantly featured Asian models. However, following the model set by the L’Oreal, Shiseido also wants to become a global player by showcasing international advertisements as well as local advertisements with international look. â€Å"We want to become more of a global company like L'Oreal,'' says Yoshikuni

This is an essay to get accepted to american university of paris

This is an to get accepted to american university of paris - Essay Example There are several reasons why I am passionate about studying at the American University of Paris. The American University of Paris is home to many successful individuals. The mission statement of American University of Paris depicts everything that I am looking for in an university. A university that focuses on hands on learning, history and being a responsible individual is a place I would enjoy being a part of (American University of Paris 2011). Ethnic backgrounds should be able to come together and learn with one another. This is what sets American University of Paris apart from other universities. The universities focus on students from different nationalities makes American University of Paris a leader in education. In a world that is becoming more ethnically diverse, this is important. Learning in a national setting can help explore national issues. Learning in a national atmosphere will help to further explore national concerns. Some national concerns are war and the environment. Both concerns are concerns that affect all people. War is not the answer for anything. Human beings should be able to talk issues out with one another until an agreement is made. Killing innocent individuals over mindless problems seems like a waste of time. Obtaining a diverse education can help address national concerns. The environment is something that every individual from every type of background has to deal with. We as a human race are on this earth together and all affected by natural disasters and global warming issues. Natural disasters can happen at any time and affect anyone. It is important for those affected to be able to seek help from all over the world. This is why it is so important for me to study and learn discipline with individuals of different education and geographical backgrounds. Global warming issues are a national concern for me and should be a national concern

Importance of 1963 and 1964 in the History of the US Essay

Importance of 1963 and 1964 in the History of the US - Essay Example 1963 was a year that was characterized by civil rights demonstrations and grand civil unrest. The national outrage was fuelled by wide media coverage of police brutality and actions against African-Americans in Birmingham, Alabama. The police were using fire hoses and canines against protestors, many of whom were very young. The riots in Birmingham, Alabama on the 11th of May 1963, where bombing occurred, compelled President John F Kennedy to release troops who gravely harassed the protestors. On the 19th of June the same year, the president forwarded an all-inclusive Civil Rights bill to the Congress for consideration. The massive support for this pending bill is what led to the March on Washington on the 28th of August, probably the largest mass action that the nation’s capital has ever witnessed. It was attended by more than three hundred thousand people, organized by Martin Luther King, Jr. alongside other activists. The demands stated during the demonstration paved the wa y for the meaningful legislation of civil rights. In addition, the matching led to the elimination of segregation based on race in public schools, the safeguarding of protestors against police brutality, the passage of a law forbidding racial prejudice in the public and private sectors and finally a program that provided jobs equally to both the blacks and whites. All these featured in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was passed after the assassination of President John F Kennedy and are still functional to date.

MGT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGT - Essay Example He also brought to our notice about Hassan and Khalifa from MGT3710 class. Throughout the conversation all the group member appeared to be very active and motivated to give their best. We decided to have our 1st group meeting in the next class. On 29th January, we had our first meeting in the class at about 11:35 am. We had a new member added to the group. Along with the new member the rest of the group was informed and instructed about the job regarding 3710 class. The group members were asked to advise and supervise the 3710 class but not give them any ideas. Everyone in the group was comfortable with the given information. The groups mission was to collect 1000$ which will ultimately go to the SEED Program. We had two things to be worked upon, 1. To collect about 1000$ which will go to the business school for SEED Program and 2. To make the students of MGT3110 pass the finals. We started discussing amongst each other and brainstorming about different ideas. Many of us came up with unique ideas to be worked upon. As we were sharing and discussing the ideas we also started noting them down on a piece of paper. We started having individual reactions from the group member on each of the noted ideas which was a great help.

Medical report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Medical report - Case Study Example Medical report These resolved with courses of ciprofloxacin. Patient also reports chronic knee pain previously diagnosed as osteoarthritis. He uses acetaminophen for mild pain and ibuprofen with more significant pain and stiffness. He reports frequent symptoms of heartburn for which he uses Omeprazole intermittently. He has problems with insomnia since the death of this wife and uses Zolpidem occasionally (1-2 times per week).   Surgical History: Appendectomy at age 35   Family History: RJ is a widower who lives alone in a house that he owns. His wife died 3 years ago from lung cancer attributed to a 40 pack-year smoking history. One sister (age 63) is alive and has diabetes. Both parents are deceased. Father died in an automobile accident at age 68; mother died of breast cancer at age 54.   Social History: RJ has a 60 pack-year smoking history. He has smoked 1.5 to 2 packs per day for 35 years. He reports that he currently smokes 1 to 1.5 packs per day. Patient indicates that he has thought about stopping smoking but feels that there is too much stress right now for him to attempt it. He reports moderate alcohol use (glass of wine 3-4 times a week). He has one adult son (age 30) who is in good health and lives 2 hours away. Results of Pertinent Laboratory Tests, Serum Drug Concentrations, and Diagnostic Tests: Note lab numbers in parentheses are listed to highlight that a lab value may be represented in different units. Numbers in parentheses should correspond with the adjacent number for a lab value. For example, please note normal BUN is 10aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"20 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or 3.6-7.1 millimoles per liter (mmol/L)   Na (sodium)135   K (potassium) 4   Cl (chloride)104   HCO3 23   Glucose 6.6 (119) BUN 4.6 (13)   Cr (Creatinine)123.8 (1.4) Hct (Hematocrit)0.42 (42) Hgb 136 (Hemoglobin)(13.6) Liver Function Panel:   AST 1.0 (60)   ALT 1.1 (64)   Alk Phos 2.5 (150)   GGT 70 (70)   LDH 3.2 (190)   T Bili 13.7 (0.8)   Spirometry: FEV1 2.5 L, Predicted 3.5 L   FVC 4 L, Predicted 4.2 L   Post Bronchodilator: FEV1 2.7 L   FVC 4.1 L   ABG: pH 7.36, pO2 8.6 (65), pCO2 6.0 (45), Bicarbonate 22, O2 sat 93%   Chest radiograph: consistent with COPD; mildly increased A/P diameter, flattening of diaphragms, diffuse scarring noted bilaterally; no evidenc e of acute infectious or malignant process   Drug/Non-Drug Plan for INSOMNIA related to depression: This patient has many other medical conditions that have much greater importance regarding his well being but

Gender Differences in Advertisements Essay Example for Free

Gender Differences in Advertisements Essay It has been evident for the past decades that advertisers still use stereotyped images of men and women in their advertisements. This can say that the pursuit for equality is still not grasped by the society. The images we see in magazines, in televisions, in billboards portray a very old perception of gender, especially the inferiority and submissive nature of women, with their bodies used as mere sexual objects, if not, still used as household caretakers. Women are also deemed to be beautiful if they have slim bodies, fair complexion and long shiny hair. Men, on the other hand, are portrayed to be strong, dominant and successful in their careers. For this essay, I will be showing two examples of images, which reveals the still existing gender inequality. I will be referring to some themes and issues to support my arguments. Also, for my basic analysis of advertisements, I will be using Katherine Frith’s [1998] approach in â€Å"Undressing the Ad: Reading Culture in Advertising† [Lukas, 2002]. It includes a surface meaning, the advertiser’s intended meaning, and the cultural or ideological meaning. For the semiotic level, which connotes the social themes in advertisements, I will be applying Erving Goffman’s [1979] approach in â€Å"Gender Advertisements. † For the first example, I will use the Gucci Magazine advertisement as shown in Figure 1 in the appendix. Just by looking at the picture, you can already see that there is gender inequality. Before dwelling into that, I will first apply a basic analysis of the ad. 1. The Surface Meaning It can be seen that there are two subjects in the picture. It is very evident that one is female, while the other one can be assumed to be male. It is because of its masculine features, as seen in the upper body though the face was not explicitly shown. The female is down on the floor, touching the shoes of the male. She is wearing a sexy gold dress. The male is standing, wearing only khaki pants. Both clothing are assumed to be under the brand, Gucci. The setting is in the desert and the overall appeal of the image is very earthy. There are no words or taglines in the ad, just â€Å"Gucci†. 2. Advertiser’s Intended Meaning The advertiser might be showcasing the earthy tones and summer styles of Gucci, as seen in the very comfortable and breezy clothes the subjects are wearing. There is still a certain class in the style, whether you put them in the dessert or just wherever. 3. Cultural or Ideological Meaning The picture obviously depicts the dominance of males over females. To be more detailed, we use Goffman’s approach by taking into consideration the social themes being depicted here. The positioning of the subject explicitly exposes gender bias. The man is standing while woman is down on floor. It just shows that men are in control and have power over women. The woman is way below under his legs, at his feet to be exact. She is even touching his shoes. It reminds me of a servant, wiping the dirt of his master in the desert. The woman here really looked inferior and if we extend the picture upward, exposing the face of the man, it can be that he is looking down on her, seeing the contraction of his abdomen in the picture. Moreover, such display of abs connotes a very masculine and strong appeal. We know that men who have well developed abs are the ones who are the most physically fit. The woman on one hand is thin and sexy, with her body parts, especially the legs and the cleavage, generally exposed. Reexamining the â€Å"Nature/Culture† Paradigm, we are reminded of the â€Å"vertical† perspective, which organizes the relationships of male and female [Tilleuil, 2002]. The woman is labeled as the dominated and the man is labeled as the dominant. According to the sociologist, Claude Herne, â€Å"In the advertising image, in order to make the woman feel inferior, signs multiply and underline the weakness, the lack of self-confidence, fragility, hesitation, dissimulation, submission, childishness and infantilization, too. [Tilleuil, 2002]. This signs are very well depicted in this ad. The woman looks fragile, and she displays a look of submission in her eyes, like a slave. This leads us to another example of an advertisement, which now depicts heavy violence to women. The ad to be examined here is figure 2 of the appendix. It is an ad from Dolce and Gabbana. 1. The Surface Meaning In the ad, there are six subjects. There are five males and one female. It looks like they are in a rooftop of some resort/hotel. Some men are wearing fitted Polos, while others are half naked. Their skins are very shiny. It looks like there’s oil or sweat in them. One man is on top of the woman, while others are watching intently to the scene in the middle. The woman is lying down on the floor, wearing a sexy black dress and high heels. 2. Advertiser’s Intended Meaning The advertiser here is showcasing the sexy formal styles of Dolce and Gabbana, with their breezy polos, classy dresses. It looks like the clothing is part of their summer collection. 3. Cultural or Ideological Meaning/Goffman’s approach It is very evident in the picture that the scene is depicting a â€Å"gang rape†. This is extreme sexual violence right at your eyes. Such violence is even portrayed in classy way, with the clothing of Dolce and Gabbana at display. We look back to the inferiority and submissiveness of the woman here. The woman is again down on the floor, but this time, she is lying down, about to be raped by the first guy on top of her. But we also see here that they are being watched by other men. One of them is already topless, while, one is semi-buttoned, with his chest exposed. There is also one who is only wearing a sleeveless undershirt, while the last guy is still fully dressed up. They all have this sultry look to the woman. The woman here is about to give herself to the man, with her hips going upward. Yet, you can see that the man is locking her arms in the floor, and it looks like she cannot get away with his grasp. The woman has been the subject of sexual pleasure. Violence here is part of the pleasure package. As we have been exposed in the media, we can recall about the whipping, the slapping of women, their being tied up to different places, exposing a lot of skin, with their bodies being molded to different erotic positions. In most cases women are victims of such violence, since men being tied up would not be a delightful sight for them. Overall, as seen in most advertisements, women are always the weaker player, being taken advantaged of men, who are more superior. Women are still being depicted as mere objects of sexual desire [Sharabi, n. d. ]. Women are seen only as domestic providers, who do not have their own decision making powers. According to the blog of â€Å"Daughter of Liberty† [2007], she said that the following are some important points to take note in advertisements: 1. Canting It can be seen through the body language that women are submissive and they have low self-confidence. For our examples, it is explicitly shown with the woman on the floor, with no control. 2. Clowning It can be seen that women are usually posed like an innocent child in the ads, which connotes ignorance (stupidity perhaps) and practically it tells us that women are easily dominated. 3. Dependence Women are seen to be very dependent to men, which can be particularly found in the first advertisement, where the woman is touching the shoes of the man. 4. Dismemberment Dismemberment is described as focusing on a particular body part. However, for our first example, it was the man who was dismembered. 5. Dominance/violence This is evidently seen in both of our examples, especially in the Dolce and Gabbana ad, which depicts a gang rape. I think ads these days have become more violent and more associated to sex than ever before, due to change of perception of our society. Sex and violence is not a taboo anymore, and we can just openly discuss those issues in a coffee table. However, being a more open society must teach us to be less discriminating and degrading. Women and men were created equally. More ads should focus on empowering women, like what is happening in Dove. We must not let ourselves, especially our children to be exposed to such violence because images convey very powerful images and it can impact one’s behavior.

The Cleaning And The Maintaining Skylight Construction Essay

The Cleaning And The Maintaining Skylight Construction Essay Nowadays the government keep on introduce sustainable building or green building. Skylight is one of the components of day lighting and day lighting is one of the components in green building. The function of Skylight basically is to let the natural light to emit into the building through the glazing of a skylight. There are various types of skylight in the market, but the most used skylights are Ventilating Skylight, fixed skylight, tubular skylight. Some of the skylights are design for aesthetic purpose, and more and more Designer and Architect is designing their building with skylight. There are many benefit that get from skylight such as energy- efficiency, it will provide more light into house so the user inside the house can switch on less light or install less artificial light. This will also save more energy consume as compare to the normal lighting install. In addition to the energy- efficiency, skylight also can be part of green contribution to the planet. The aim of this dissertation is to find out the importance and method of maintaining a skylight shopping mall. And with the objective of To investigate whether the lack of maintain of a skylight will affect the occupants inside the shopping mall and To find out the methods used to maintain skylight in shopping mall. In the research methodology, this dissertation is going to conduct by using both two method of Primary data collection and secondary data collection. For primary data collection, going to use observation, interview and distribution of questionnaire. For secondary data collection, is going to find by using internet, magazine, and books. Table of Contents Introduction Background Skylight is a special type of window which built into the roof of a house or building in order to let the natural daylight come into the house directly. A skylight may be installed for aesthetic purposes, or as part of a general passive-heating strategy. Skylight allows approximately eight times as much light to enter the house as a comparably sized wall window. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) At the old days Skylight were leak, due to the limitation of contemporary construction and sealing materials. The glazing of the Skylight was leak and allowed heat to escape, the user felt uncomfortable with the temperature and cause them to heat during the winter, it will cause them a fortunes, and the Skylight n were not the demanded after the few problem occur. (Christopher J V Cooper, 2009) Today in this modern world, we have the benefit of modern dry double glazing techniques, an advanced sealing compounds and automatic electric mechanisms for opening and closing skylight windows. These improvements, together with the use of sealed double glazed panels ensure that modern skylight can maintain a traditional appearance while offering, structural Integrity and durability together with good insulation properties. The use of durable hardwood timber and high quality micro porous paints and stains ensures that a modern Skylight will last for many years with minimum maintenance. (Christopher J V Cooper, 2009) Problem Statement and Research Question Nowadays there are more and more designer or architect will include skylight into their design for shopping mall. Skylight in a shopping mall without proper maintenances, it will affect the occupant inside the building. In this case study, I quoted two questions, there are Does lack of maintenance or cleaning will affect the occupant in shopping Mall? And What are the methods used to maintain a skylight? Aim and Objective In this dissertation, the aim is to find out the importance and method of maintaining a skylight shopping mall. The objectives of this research are to be achieved is listed as below: To investigate whether the lack of maintain of a skylight will affect the occupants inside the shopping mall. The objective of this research is to investigate the occupants in shopping mall feels when the management is not performing the maintenance regularly. In the manner of aesthetic view or the disturbance (such as leaking) cause by skylight. Besides that, will the cost for cooling down the temperature will be increased while the skylight leaks the cold air inside the building. To find out the methods used to maintain skylight in shopping mall. The objective of this research is to find out the method and procedure used for maintaining skylight in shopping mall including the material for sealing the joining between skylight and the frame. Besides that, for performing maintenance procedure, does it have to do it in time frame and how long usually takes while doing maintenance. Scope of Study This study will be conduct in shopping mall at town area of Kuala Lumpur which is located at Jalan Ampang for KLCC and Bukit Bintang for Pavilion. In this dissertation, mainly is to study the method used for maintaining Skylight. Identify the various method and analysis which method is better with the consideration of the time and material consume for doing maintenance and the frequency of maintenance have to conduct for a skylight. Besides that, the lack of maintenances of a skylight will affect occupant will be study also. It studies about the aesthetic view for occupants inside the building and the disturbance cause by skylight such as leaking. Hypothesis To propose the correct and suitable method to conduct the maintenance of skylight. Research Methodology This research is going to use three methods for primary data collection they are Case studies by doing Observation, Interview and Questionnaire. First method for getting primary data is Case Study through Observation in shopping mall. In this research, the observation is going to conduct in Kuala Lumpur (KL) is because KL have shopping mall that always occupied with lots of occupants. The observation will be conducted in Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC) which is located at Jalan Ampang Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Pavilion which located at Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The design, type and pattern of skylight will be noted by sketching and will be added with the condition of skylight such as the visible leaking, banding frame, and the cleanliness of skylight. Second method for getting primary data is Interview, The interview will be conducted with interviewee who is the person in charge of doing the maintenance or the management of the shopping mall and ask them about the common problem occur in skylight and how they managed to solve the problem. Besides that, the management will be interviewed with the question of maintaining the skylight and cleaning the skylight. Third method is through Questionnaire, the questionnaire will be distribute to the people who cant entertain the interview and the people who work, or shops in KLCC and Pavilion is because they spend long hours in that building, so they surely will notice the condition of skylight. In the Questionnaire will ask how they solved the problem when leakage occurred for the people in the management. For the people who work there I will ask their opinion about the skylight and have they seen a skylight leaking or other defects while they work and how the management people overcome the problem. Secondary data collection, the information will be getting from three main sources Interne, News Paper, and Books. Internet there are a lots of website providing information but we our self have to be smart to search for the information. In this research will search for the information related to this research such as, the methods used to maintain skylight, lack of maintenance of skylight will affect the occupants, causes of leakage in skylight and, cost saving of skylight with a proper maintenance in shopping mall. Library is one of the best place to look for information, regularly check for the News Paper, magazine, journal will be better if there is any update. The article or information search must be under the objective of this research, the research scope will be the same as above. Book in the library can provide information about skylight, and in this research will look for the book any data which related to skylight, but most of it the title will be Day Lighting, Green Building, and Sustainable building because skylight is a part of day lighting, and it often appear in Green Building and Sustainable building. Literature Review Definition of Skylight Skylight can be consider as a part of Day lighting, Skylight is a special type of window which built into the roof of a house or building in order to let the natural daylight travel into the house or building directly. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) Skylights are also literally windows in the roof that bring a bit of blue sky into the building or house. In the night time skylight also can display the stars and the moon. (California Energy Commission) Skylights also provide the interior of a house with the warmth and brightness of natural daylight. They also reduce the number of artificial light. They will brighten up dark corners and let in lots of warmth. Besides that, they can also provide ventilation when it is needed. (California Energy Commission) Skylight may be installed for aesthetic purposes, some of it maybe for general passive-heating strategy. There are many types of skylight in the industry, with differing designs, materials, and added components. Most of the people end up choosing a skylight that is far too large for their house is because they want more light as possible. Unfortunately, even the best skylights have much poorer insulation than a comparable space of roof, so a large skylight allows large amounts of heat to escape during cold weather, and too much heat to enter the house during warm weather. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) Types of Skylight There are various types of skylight being use in these days, the most widely used Skylight are Ventilating Skylight, fixed skylight, tubular skylight. Ventilating Skylight is to allow air to pass through into the building normally use in bathrooms and kitchens which helps to relieve excess moisture and keep the flow of air steady. Fixed skylight is a skylight that cannot be opened it is solely to allow the natural daylight to pass into the house. Tubular skylight is a very small skylight, intended mainly for hallways and small rooms where a traditional skylight wouldnt easily fit. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) There are some skylight is for aesthetic purpose. The most common skylight is Flat Skylight, consisting of a square or rectangular piece of flat glass or acrylic that may be fixed or ventilating. Next is Round Skylight, if we view from the roof it is like half-sphere bubble. Next is Polygon Skylight, is a skylight which is looks like polygon that juts out of the roof with a number of glass or acrylic. Besides that, Pyramid Skylight is a simple four-triangle pyramid that juts out of the roof. Finally, Dome skylight is similar to a flat skylight but the glass is rounds up past the surface of the roof. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) Furthermore for the residential, there are four type of skylight more often associated with large buildings. First is Hip Ridge Skylight is a long rectangular skylight which peaks up above the roof surface to a central ridge, with a sloping triangular piece of glass on either short end. Next is Ridge skylight is a simpler version, with two long triangles sloping in towards one another, and straight triangles closing off either end. Besides that, Lean-to Skylight is a simple slope which rises from the roof of one story and ends by leaning against an upper wall of the next story. Last, Barrel Vault Skylight is a more complex form of the lean-to, which consists of a half-sphere against an upper wall, often seen in large arboretums. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) Common Problem of Skylight The most common problem of skylight is leak, mostly due to the limitation of contemporary construction and sealing materials. The glazing of the Skylight was leak and allowed heat to escape, the user felt uncomfortable with the temperature and cause them to heat during the winter, it will cause them a fortunes, and the Skylight were not the demanded after the few problem occur. (Christopher J V Cooper, 2009) Heat loss A skylight in the roof of a building will lose about 35% to 45% more heat during cold weather than the normal window installed on the side of the building with the same glazing that install in both Skylight and normal window. That is because hot air rises. As the hot air in the building rises toward the ceiling, it comes in contact with the cold surface of the skylight. The same theory but in the other way round the cold air falls, it will form a large draft loop which will decrease comfort of the occupants. If the skylight is more horizontal the effect will be more significant, the more significant. This type of heat loss is caused by convection. Even in dual-paned installed in skylights the warm air between the panes rises upward to meet the large, cold, nearly horizontal glazing. This hot air then falls and replaced by more hot air from below. (California Energy Commission) Heat loss in building through convection is not as great through windows installed on the side of a building. That is because the direction that heat flows through them is primarily horizontal, not vertical, and because the side windows are not generally placed near the ceiling. Besides that, skylights also lose heat through radiation. As normal windows are often shaded by exterior shutters, trees and shrubs and overhang, but skylights are exposed to the cold night sky. (California Energy Commission) Heat gain In hot weather Country, heat gain will become a problem because additional cost for cooling down the building is required. Skylight is more exposed to the sun than normal vertical windows, it can let the heat pass into building as much as four times the amount of heat as a normal window. Unless the user or house owner can manage the heat gain or else the building will be uncomfortable during hot weather and have to switch on air conditioner overtime. Energy experts estimate that a 2-foot by 4-foot of skylight made with a single panel of clear glass will allow heat into a home to make a typical air conditioner use an additional 240 kilowatt hours of electricity per year. (California Energy Commission) Besides that Brendan McGuigan also stated that, Skylights also have the potential to cause drafts, making the room uncomfortable. During rainy weather it will leak if the seal not good in quality. Although skylight can reduce the amount and cost of energy consume for artificial light inside the building but they can let in extra and unwanted heat that will make the air conditioner work harder during the summer and in the winter they can allow precious heat to escape. (Brendan McGuigan, 2003) Cleaning problem After quite some time the glazing panel of skylight will become dirty and most of the people will think is the skylight problem, a malfunction other type damage, or the life span of the skylight is near. Skylights are installed around the roof or on top of the house so it is hard to reach. That is made the skylight cleaning more difficult, it will consume lots of time to clean a skylight than normal window because it needs people to climb up to the roof and clean the skylight. If hired a cleaning service provider it will cost the house owner a fortune. If a skylight without the cleaning it will accumulate dust, sooner or later the skylight will eventually block the sunlight and the main purpose of installing skylight will be defeated. (Jon Nunan, n.d.) Cleaning and maintaining skylight The main purpose of skylight is to bring in additional day light from outside of a building into the building. In the same time skylight also can add for the aesthetic purpose, besides that it also can provide a great view from room inside. The occupants inside only can enjoyed if the skylight is clean. (Skyler Carpenter, 2005) Skylight is installed outside and it will expose to outside weather such as rain, snow, bird droppings, moisture, dust and leaves. The view of a blue sky will be blurring because the dust let the skylight emit less sunlight passing through and that is good time for cleaning. (Skyler Carpenter, 2005) Skylight is not hard to maintain and clean, and there is no need clean the skylight very often if it in a rainy climate, because the rain will wash away the dirt on the skylight. However, the skylight should be cleaned at lease twice a year to protect, from scratches. And it does also will bring maximum amount of light into the building. (Skyler Carpenter, 2005) Cleaning from the inside, inside of the skylight does not get as dirty as the outside of skylight. If using a wet cloth to clean away the dust is normally sufficient. Cleaning from the outside will be more effort, First have to go on top of the roof and with a bucket fill with some detergent and water, a sponge, a couple of dry cloths, some car wax for polish, and a garden hose. Second have to rinse the skylight and wipe the dirt off using a detergent-soaked sponge but not knife or scrapper as it may scratch the glazing or acrylic panel. Last is to polish the skylight panel by using the car wax. Wax can cover minor scratches and as well as to protect the glazing from damage caused by outside elements, besides that wax will cause the rain to drain off or slide off easily. (Skyler Carpenter, 2005) Skylight Glazing The material of skylights glazing are mostly made of either plastic or glass, depends on the choice and several factors such as weather, location within the home and price. Manufacturers may refer to the types of skylights by their  glazing. Plastic glazing is less expensive as compare than glass glazing but yet its still fairly durable. Plastic glazing has the disadvantage that are it will scratch, discolour or warp easily, unless the glazing is coated with a special film, these kinds of glazes will let in dangerous ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun, it will harm the occupants skin and furniture. Most of the dome or bubble shaped skylights are plastic. (John Fuller, n.d.) In other way, the glass glazing is more expensive than plastic, but its preferable by most of the people is because it is more durable as compared to plastic, glass glazing doesnt discolour and it will have better appearance than plastic glazing for a long time period. The glass glazing must be made of safety glazing material, it has to be tempered or laminated.  Tempered glass  is a glass that has gone through a process of heating and rapid cooling to make the glass much harder than normal glass. If the glass breaks it will shatters into small pebble-like pieces with no sharp edges.  Laminated glass  is made with a thin layer of plastic sandwiched between two pieces of glass. (John Fuller, n.d.) Skylights Benefits Skylights are the one of the best solution for adding lighting in the building, besides from providing natural day light, skylights also help in minimizing heating, cooling, and lighting costs. Skylight is mostly used for energy-efficiency purposes, for the residential used, it is more commonly used as simple lighting and the appearance of the overall building as well. Nowadays, skylights had become much popular mostly due to the current research stated that natural light or sunlight not only helps the occupants concentration, but raises the spirits of occupants, increases the productivity, and aids the healing process. (Roof 101, n.d.) Skylight contribute in Productivity Skylight provides natural daylight from outside the building into inside of building. It will bright the building during the daytime, the glazing will allow sunlight to enter the building to illuminate for occupants to see. (Consolidated Roofing System) According to scientific experts stated that natural Light can boost energy up to 24%, this is show that increasing in productivity. The National Commission estimates that, businesses lose more than $150 billion a year in America because of employee fatigue due to lack of daylight. Lockheed Martin also claims that after adding skylights to hes building, the company have increased 15% higher productivity. (Velux, n.d.) Skylight contribute in House value Skylight take illumination to another level, it is important because it helps the building owner and real estate agent, because the skylight will makes the home brighter and it will looks much larger than it is, and benefit the people who trying sell house in this tough real estate market, the presence of a few skylights can affect the potential buyer by viewing the space inside the residence. (Consolidated Roofing System, n.d.) Skylight will increase the overall value a houses. House owner or investor can always count on getting back the money that they had invested in installing skylights. Mostly its because skylight has become a part of current trend in this modern society. Besides skylights have modern appeal, it also has energy-efficiency and this will add some point to the house value. (Jenny Schweyer, 2008) Skylight contribution Green and Energy efficiency Skylight not only provides natural day lighting it also will lower the electricity bill. If skylights are strategically place it will replace the artificial electric lighting in a building during the daytime. Skylights are as part of green, since the occupants are saving electricity they are helping to preserve the environment. Nowadays skylight has become is latest trends in building that is green building, that is building built with maximizing efficiency and preserve that nature or planet. Most of the people cannot afford other green home technology because it too expensive but skylights is affordable as compare to solar panel when consider about the energy savings and cost saving. Besides that it also will reduce our carbon footprint. (Jenny Schweyer, 2008) Skylight contribute in Health Skylight let the sunlight to emit into the building, through its glass glazing. The natural sunlight that emitted will provide the occupants inside the building. Natural sunlight will helps to regulate the occupants bodys circulation rhythm and have better sleep at night. (Jenny Schweyer, 2008) Besides that, natural sunlight will give us the Vitamin D, but with the skylight, it can partially reflect or filter the UV ray and it will benefit the occupants with natural sunlight from the sun and the occupants without getting burn.

Relationship Between Numeracy and Music Curriculum

Relationship Between Numeracy and Music Curriculum 1.1 Introduction Numeracy and music have been linked together as far back to medieval times. This link goes back as far the Quadrivium possibly even further. The quadrivium were a set of subjects or topics (which were grounded on the trivium of grammar, dialect and rhetoric) that were covered daily. The quadrivium involved four subject areas including Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy and Music. Music was studied in connection with arithmetic and in turn became a mathematical discipline (Wang, 2014). The current focus of numeracy can be viewed through the workings of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and their Programme for International student Assessment (PISA) which is carried out every 3 years (OECD, n.d.). Irelands results in 2009 had dropped below the OECD average which led the Irish Government with the task of creating a new strategy to help enhance numeracy skills. The Literacy and numeracy for learning and life (2011) was created to help improve literacy and num eracy standards among children and young people in the education system (Department of Education and Skills, 2011). Currently, Ireland ranks 13th of 35 OECD countries, 9th in the EU and 18th out of all countries that took part in the assessment. This thesis brings forward valuable insights into the area of numeracy with a particular focus on the promotion of numeracy in the music curriculum. The researcher wanted to examine numeracy strategies/ideas that could be promoted and developed in the classroom. The key questions that were considered before this research was undertaken were; 1) What is numeracy and how is it related to Music? 2) Is numeracy important in the music classroom? and 3 how can numeracy strategies be developed in the music classroom? 1.2 Chapter layout The first part has introduced the reader to the research area and why this research topic was undertaken. Chapter 2 will look at the literature used in this research around numeracy and music in Ireland. It will look literature from and Irish context as well as other countries. Chapter 3 will focus on the methodologies employed by the researcher. It will outline the approach the researcher took in order to gather data and what the restrictions were in completing it. Chapter 4 will look at the findings of the research and will evaluate what was made of those findings. It will focus on discussing what happened and if anything changed. Exploring quantitative analysis in calculating results of the research topic. Chapter 5 will be a discussion around what was happened. It will explore research as to what happened and why it happened. It will look at whether or not the test were reliable and have they are valid. Chapter 6 will conclude any arguments that the researcher has brought up. It will conclude the research by highlighting the possibility of any future research around the area. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction The purpose of this research topic is to explore numeracy in music education and consider the implementation of a numeracy strategy that can improve numeracy abilities in the post-primary curriculum. The goal is to look at whether or not numeracy is being developed through these strategies or naturally in the students learning. The aim of this section is to explore the most current literature around numeracy strategies and the implementation of said strategies into the post-primary curriculum. Looking at research from an Irish context is key but this section will also look at other countries and the numeracy strategies that they have implemented. This section begins by looking at the various definitions of numeracy that are used around in different education systems. It will then focus on the literature around music and numeracy and how the two are linked. 2.2 Numeracy What is numeracy? There are many definitions as to what numeracy is and what it relates to. O Donoghue (2002, p.48) notes aspects of numeracy as Basic computational arithmetic, essential mathematics, social mathematics, survival skills for everyday life, quantitative literacy, mathematical literacy and an aspect of mathematical power. The Programme for International student Assessment (PISA) (2009,p 14) define numeracy as An individuals capacity to identify and understand the role that mathematics plays in the world, to make well-founded judgements and to use and engage with mathematics in ways that meet the needs of that individuals life as a constructive, concerned and reflective citizen. The Department of Education and Skills introduced The Literacy and Numeracy Strategy for Learning and Life (2011) and define numeracy as the ability to use mathematics to solve problems and meet the demands of day-to-day living    These definitions are accurate in nature and for the purpose of this paper, the researcher will focus on the holistic approach of using mathematics to solve problems and meet the demands of day to day living. This is the definition the researcher deems accurate for the aim of this research question. There are key skills that are outlined by the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) (2015) that aim to promote student wellbeing. The approach mentioned previously encompasses all of the key skills associated with the junior cycle. It has a close link with the skills of being numerate, staying well, managing information and thinking and communicating. By stating this, the researcher is not excluding the possibility that numeracy does not cross between all of the key skills. On a deeper level, numeracy incorporates three different types of knowledge. Beginning with Mathematical Knowledge (Foundation of numeracy) leading to Contextual Knowledge (The ability to apply the foundation skills) and finally to Strategic Knowledge (the flexibility to use the previous knowledge to solve strategic problems. 2.3 PISA Assessment PISA or The Programme for International Student Assessment is an assessment conducted every 3 years with students from 65 different countries at the age of 15. The assessments focus on students proficiency in the areas of Reading, Science and Mathematical Literacy. It takes a different focus every year with the process repeating itself every 3 years. In 2003 and 2012, Mathematical literacy was the primary focus of assessment. In the figure below, it is clear to see how well Ireland has done over the years. Cosgrove et al. (2013) however found that although it is positive that Irelands performance has not decreased between 2003 and 2012, it must be noted that there has been a decline by other OECD countries which could have resulted to Irelands placement in 2009. In recent years, the Irish Government has many strategies and frameworks to help deal with the under-performance of students. The National Strategy to improve Literacy and Numeracy among Children and Young People 2011-2020 (2011) emphasises that all students should leave school numerate and focuses on the fact that literacy and numeracy are among the most important life skills that our schools teach. No child should leave school without having mastered these skills to the best of their abilities. The main research areas of this document focus on Enabling parents and communities to support childrens literacy and numeracy development, Improving teachers and ECCE practitioners professional practice, Building the capacity of school leadership, Improving the curriculum and learning experience, Helping students with additional learning needs to achieve their potential and Improving assessment and evaluation to support better learning in literacy and numeracy (Department of Education and Sk ills, 2011, p. 3). The strategy outlines clear objectives regarding what needs to be accomplished and outlines a timeline for plans to be made in order for these objectives to succeed. However the can be some issues with this strategy. It recommends that teachers partake in CPD for 20 hours over a 5 year period and resources have been aimed at DEIS schools which can be seen with the Junior Cert School Programme (JCSP). 2.4 International Advances Looking at this from an international view, the United Nations Educational and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO, 2012) understand that even when a student finishes their education, they still lack the required knowledge and skills that are associated with mathematics. Conway and Sloane (2005, p.15) determine two main concerns in international trends in mathematics education, poor levels of understanding and achievement gaps and the need for 21st century skills. These are respectively called the push and pull factors. Zawojewski and McCarthy (2007) have commented on the ramifications of introducing a strategy that would see students actively engage with rich everyday applications of their mathematics. Other Relevant literature This research paper will aim to focus on the importance of numeracy in the classroom and how a music teacher can improve the numeracy ability of the students in class. As this research focuses on different strategies, the researcher focused on numeracy strategies that have been created and implemented in different countries. This in itself provided the researcher with a broad sense of where they wanted to go and how they were to go about it. One of the first documents that was researched was the Literacy and Numeracy for Learning and Life (2011) which was document that was published by the Department of Education and Skills in direct response to the PISA results. This document highlights a lot of really fair points regarding the development of literacy and numeracy in the education of students, but it is far more biased towards the literacy than the numeracy. Surprisingly enough, every time the word numeracy was searched just before it was the term literacy. Yes they are a combining factor but they represent two very different themes in the world of developing the educational needs and skills of each student. Getting the students to realise the connections between music and numeracy will help them to engage with what they are learning. In conjunction with the literacy and numeracy strategy, this research paper will draw from different methodologies and perspectives of music teachers and education specialists. Diverse Methodologies in the Study of Music Teaching and Learning (2008)covers a broad range of research subjects that researcher drew ideas from. A large number of the chapters present in this book are based on practiced based research in the classroom. As the research is focused on students in first year one article in which the researcher drew valuable insights from was First-Year Teachers and Methods Classes: Is there a connection? By Margaret Schmidt. This study examined the ways that three first year string teachers applied a song-teaching method emphasized in their junior-year. (Schmidt, 2008, p. 67) Schmidt focuses on the students developments but focuses on the teachers and how they need to be continually developing as teachers. Growing from these ideas Brown explored Actualising Potential in the Classroom: Moving from Practicing to be Numerate Towards Engaging in the Literature Practice of Mathematics and stated all students should have access to mathematical knowledge (Brown, 2011). He writes about transforming numeracy into literacy through engaging in mathematical practice. One way that this could be addressed is through practical performance. Students could be introduced to a numerical concept and that a musical performance activity could be introduced to structure the concept and could also help to refocus or clear up any misconceptions that the learners may have. Brown writes about mathematical literacy in a social context and getting the students to associate mathematical language with everyday concepts. This refers back to the literacy and numeracy strategy where the aim is to improve students numeracy abilities through linking it to outside experiences. Mathematics and Music by David Wright explores all the variations of number sequences, logarithms, music intervals, scales, octave identification, timbre and even tuning all of which can be replicated in the classroom. This book will form a basis in this research on how to promote numeracy in the classroom and how numeracy can be developed. According to Wright Mathematics attempts to understand conceptual and logical truthMusic evokes mood and emotion by the audio medium of tones and rhythmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Therefore it is not surprising that the symbiosis of the two disciplines is an age old story. (Wright, 2009, p. v) Numeracy is not mentioned in the curriculum which is a sign that the curriculum itself needs to be updated. David Elliott writes that there are numerous concepts of what curriculum is and what it means and even states that is has monopolized the thinking if scholars and teachers. (Elliott Silverman, 2015, p. 394) He mentions Ralph Tyler who proposes that curriculum makers should follow a four step process. (ANDREW WHAT ARE THE FOUR STEPS) This process could help with the integration of numeracy into the curriculum just like literacy is already included. This is why Re-setting Music Educations Default Settings would come into effect. Written by Thomas Regelski in 2013 explores how it needs to be rethought and complemented and enhanced for the learner in that it does not hinder their learning in any way. 2.4 Overview This literature review has shown that there has been research and documentation around the area of numeracy. Numeracy is an area that has many links to cross-curricular subjects and developing numeracy skills among all young people is fundamental to the life chances of each individual and essential to the quality and equity of Irish society (Department of Education and Skills, 2011). This research paper focuses on clarifying what numeracy is and its importance. It will also aim to promote numeracy in a music class that will develop and promote learning in a positive and constructive way. There are assessments available to test numeracy but none specific to music and numeracy since this research has been conducted. So this research paper will be focusing on looking at how to develop numeracy that is related to music and that it is linked to both the curriculum and the learning of each student. It can also be used as an aid for teachers to see how they themselves can incorporate numera cy into their classroom and tailor it for each students ability. One aspect that will have to be looked into in further detail is that of questioning and how are the students numeracy skills being tested. Chapter 3: Methodology 3.1 Introduction In the previous chapter, the researcher focused on literature and research addressing the areas of numeracy and music. The aim of this chapter is to explain how this study was designed and the specific reasons towards choosing the quantitative method. This thesis is based on action research. This chapter will highlight the ethical considerations of the research and. This chapter will firstly begin by outlining the research paradigm explain how data was collected. 3.2 Research aims and objectives The aim of this strategy is to see if numeracy can be developed in a music classroom with the aid of a guide. This strategy is a development from the results that Ireland has received in the PISA scores over the previous years. As mentioned in the introduction, there were three questions that helped to create this research and from those questions the research was looking at gathering quantitative data, using a pre and post-test with two different classes. This will allow the researcher to appraise the increase, if any, in the students numerical abilities. 3.3 Action Research Action research cited in Hine (2013) is a process of systematic inquiry that seeks to improve social issues affecting the lives of everyday people however on a more direct note to where it is situated in the classroom, Stringer (2014) describes it as a distinctive approach to inquiry that is directly relevant to classroom instruction and learning and provides the means for teachers to enhance their teaching and improve students learning Both of these representations of action research have helped to prove the researcher with enough information to understand the concept. When following an action research plan there are a few ways that it could be undertaken. For the focus of this research the researcher will outline the method of Kurt Lewin and its importance. Cohen et al. (2011) name Lewin as the originator of the action research process in breaking it down into four different sections; Planning, Acting, Observing and Reflecting. (INSERT DIAGRAM) From this model there have been numerous changes made. Kemmis and McTaggart (2005) action research cycle is similar in that it has a plan, act, observe and reflect, but this reflection is allowing the researcher to change the plan and begin the cycle again. 3.4 Quantitative Research The research methodology employed uses quantitative analysis. Creswell (2002) describes quantitative analysis as strategies of inquiryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦that invoked the postpositivist perspectives. These strategies are in the forms of experiments of surveys. postpositivist perspectives are considered to be that of a scientific method and it refers challenging the traditional notion of the absolute truth of knowledge and that the claims we make cannot be positive when studying the performance and abilities of humans (Creswell, 2002). Punch (2009) mentions quantitative research employing three different ideas; Conceptualizes reality in terms of variables Measures these variables Studies relationship between these variables Using these themes the researcher will follow how to correlate effectively the results gathered. 3.5 Instruments 3.5.1 Pre-post test The researcher employed different instruments to help bring about the findings of the study. To validate the students numeracy skills the researcher had to firstly find out where the students were regards to their learning. The researcher created a specific pre-test to assess their numeracy knowledge. The researcher focused on the concepts of the first year music curriculum and transferred any correlations with numeracy to an assessment form. (appendix) The researcher wanted to keep the focus on numeracy and assess what they students were able to do regarding rhythm. 3.6 Validity and reliability During this research, the researcher gathered quantitative data to get the best way of measuring students results regarding numeracy. The researcher believes that the findings have depth and provide detail as to confirming the research outcomes. Validity is an indication of how sound your research is, with looking at both design and method (BYU Department of Linguistics, 1997) of the research area. When looking at quantitative data one must be careful. Winter (2000) says that it is difficult to get 100% and that a certain degree of error is to be anticipated. Reliability is about the precision and accuracy of the research over a period of time. Having the pre and post-tests very close to each other can alter the reliability. Due to the 6 week period between pre and post-tests, the researcher believes the results to be reliable. It took 3 weeks getting consent forms back from the students which cut down the time between pre and post-test tests.. 3.7 Ethical considerations Hammersley and Traianou (2012, pp.2-3) outline the subsequent themes as the main ethical issues that need to be addressed; Minimising Harm Respecting Autonomy Protecting Privacy Offering Reciprocity Treating People Equitably. As this research is aimed towards the learning and development of students numeracy, the research had to get ethical approval as it would be focusing on those who would be unable to give consent. The researcher received ethical approval from FAHSS Research Ethics Committee from the University of Limerick in June 2016. The researcher proceeded to provide information sheet to the principal (appendix) and co-operating teacher. (appendix) Then the researcher provided the same information to each of the participants and their parents/ guardians. (appendix) Provided on the information sheet were details about how the research would have been conducted. It outlined that they could withdraw from the study at any time and that anonymity would be used. 3.8 School profile and study sample The school where this research was conducted is a large town in Munster. It is a co-educational school and both classes are made up of mixture of males and females. Both first year classes are students between the ages of 12 and 13. In this school, all students do music in first year regardless of prior experience or musical knowledge. Then when its time for them to move onto 2nd year, the students are given the option to do music if they would like. Before implementing the prior test, the research introduced some rhythms to both groups to get the students interacting and to get an understanding of what they were going to learn. Before the intervention, the researcher made sure that both classes were relatively on the same level before giving out the pre-tests. QUESTIONS ASSESSING STUDENTS NUMERACY What is a crotchet added to another crotchet? What is the interval between middle C and Eb? How many notes are there in a 1 octave scale? How many crotchet/ quaver/ minim/ semibreve beats are there in this phrase? How many beats are there in a semibreve? What is a crotchets added to a crotchet added to a quaver? What is the difference between 3 quavers and 2 crotchets? How many crotchet beats are the in 5/4? How many quaver beats are there in 13/8? How many minim beats are there in 3/2? (A musical phrase can be found on the next page) Source: Mozarts Piano Sonata in F, K. 332, first movement. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_(music)#/media/File:Mozart_-_Piano_Sonata_in_F,_K._332,_first_movement_phrase_group.png) Source: http://funandlearnmusic.com/portfolio-item/music-worksheets-music-and-math-14/ Source: http://funandlearnmusic.com/portfolio-item/music-worksheets-music-and-math-14/ Source: http://funandlearnmusic.com/portfolio-item/music-worksheets-easter-note-value-4/

Vonneguts Cats Cradle Essay -- Allegorical Tales Technology Essays

Vonnegut's Cat's Cradle I believe that Vonnegut uses Cat's Cradle as an allegorical tale about what will happen to the world if we are not careful with technology that has the ability to end life on this planet. He points out one of the qualities of humanity; that people make mistakes, thus poisoning our minds and encouraging a better world. One of the obvious ways that Vonnegut uses this book to "encourage a better world" would be by showing that the end of world may come from an accidental release of technology. At the time when this book was written, nuclear war seemed to be an almost certainty. If we look at the number of bomb shelters being built and drills being conducted in classrooms during the late fifties and early sixties we would see evidence of that would point to the overall feeling in American society that the end was near. The nuclear genie was safely contained by the super powers. But I think that Vonnegut saw that all it would take was one small country; who possessed end of the world technology, to have an accident and it would spell the doom of mankind. Vonnegut writes, when speaking of ice-nine, that "apparently the United States of America and Union of Soviet Socialist Republic had it....understandably surrounded by electrified fences and homicidal German shepards" (Chapt. 110). I believe that he was pointing out that the super powers of the world who have end of the world technology keep it very well guarded against theft or accident. However, ice-nine was also in the possession of Papa. All it takes is one suicidal leader and one accident by the San Lorenzo airforce to release ice-nine into the world, resulting in the end of the planet. Vonnegut seems to be demonstrating that although nuclear weap... ...Cradle and The Damnation of Theron Ware? Question #3: Is there any significance to the names in Cat's Cradle? Answer: The reason that I ask this question is in reference to the Bokononist vocabulary that Vonnegut created. Only a man who could create such words as "Zah-mah-ki-bo" or "sin-wat" is bound to confuse his reader with such simplistic names as "Julian Castle" or "Hazel Crosby." Charles Dickens often would create names of his characters to correlate with their behavior, which made me as a reader take a further look into the names of characters in books that I read. When I read the name of "Jonah," I was prompted to think of the character of the same name in the Bible who got swallowed by a whale in the Old Testament. While the character goes also by the name "John," I couldn't help but wonder if there was some similarity involved in this novel.

Exploring the Hindu Religion Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

Exploring the Hindu Religion The statement "everyone is a Hindu" is an extremely broad one that is open to much interpretation. This owes partly to the fact that Hinduism itself is a broad and vast religion with many ways of following. In this paper I seek to explain that the statement "everyone is a Hindu" is a worthy one because Hindus have a sense of interconnectedness in all organisms and life on earth, and that the ultimate goal of a person is to join the rest of the universe in "moksha." Additionally, the attribute of the Hinduism that lends well to the statement is that Hinduism is a very hospitable religion that not only requires no specific adherence or conversion, it stresses the understanding of other religions as well. If one ascribes to a particular religion, surely that person believes that his or her religion holds for everyone. This person would feel that there is only one god or Supreme Being that rules over the universe and all its peoples. In Islam this god is known as Allah; in Christianity He is known as Jehovah. This is one argument that could apply to any religion however. In Hinduism on the other hand, the idea of a Supreme Being is much more of an abstract concept rather than a tangible being, and is known as "Brahman." The idea that Brahman is the "everything" or Supreme Reality is what makes the statement "everyone is a Hindu" a notably pertinent one in relation to Hinduism. Hindus have a sense of interconnectedness that pervades throughout everything in the universe: all plants, animals, people, and the cosmos. Brahman is the sacred force that holds everything together is. It is the ultimate reality that is unseen in the karmic cycle of birth and death, called samsara, which Hindus believe we... ...ital to Buddhism. I have shown that the universality of Hinduism, its broad sense of welcoming to people of any creed or faith, and its decentralized nature are all factors that lend to the assertion "everyone is a Hindu." The central concept of Brahman in Hinduism as a sacred unexplainable force that ties everything in this world together make everyone a Hindu. In addition, everyone is seen as striving towards the same goal to reach moksha, to shed the bondage of being reborn in a human body in order to finally attain union with the Supreme Being. Although it could be said that there are "330 Million Gods," there is no acceptance required of these particular deities in Hinduism, only an acknowledgement that there is a Supreme Being. The statement that "everyone is a Hindu" is a compelling one that is substantiated by the universal ideas and concepts of Hinduism.

Why Do People Smoke? :: essays research papers

Do you smoke? This is one of the most popular questions today. It seems that with all of the health risks, cancers and breathing problems that it is hard to understand why one would smoke. There is no universal answer to this question. People smoke because of the way cigarettes are advertised and where they are shown. People also smoke because they believe smoking will make them act, look, relax, feel different or to fit in. There are many reasons why people start to smoke, but is it worth it to start? Cigarette smoking causes a variety of life-threatening diseases, including lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease. An estimated 430,000 deaths each year are directly caused by cigarette smoking. Smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system. This fact can have serious consequences because it is the digestive system that converts foods into the nutrients the body needs to live. Smoking has been shown to have harmful effects on all parts of the digestive system, contributing to such common disorders as heartburn and peptic ulcers. It also increases the risk of Crohn's disease and possibly gallstones. Smoking seems to affect the liver, too, by changing the way it handles drugs and alcohol. In fact, there seems to be enough evidence to stop smoking solely on the basis of digestive distress. Smoking one cigarette immediately raises a person's blood pressure and heart rate and decreases the blood flow to body extremities such as the fingers and toes. Brain and the nervous system activity is stimulated for a short time and then reduced. A smoker may also experience dizziness, nausea, watery eyes and acid in the stomach. Appetite, taste and smell are weakened. Smokers typically experience shortness of breath, persistent coughs, reduced fitness, yellow stains on fingers and teeth and decreased sense of taste and smell. Smokers have more colds and flu than non-smokers and find it harder to recover from minor illnesses. Smoking can cause impotence in men, while women who smoke are less fertile than non-smokers.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Twenty-Five

Dear Diary, I can't believe what a fool I am, what a faithless, worthless fool. I should never have kissed Damon, or let him kiss me. The look on Stefan's face when he found us was heartbreaking. His features were so stiff and pale, as if he was made of ice, and his eyes were shining with tears. And then it seemed like a light went out inside him, and he looked at me like he hated me. Like I was Katherine. No matter what happened between us, Stefan never looked at me like that before. I won't believe it. Stefan could never hate me. Every beat of my heart tells me that we belong together, that nothing can tear us apart. I've been such a fool, and I've hurt Stefan, although that was the one thing I never wanted to do. But this isn't the end for us. Once I apologize and explain what a moment of madness he witnessed, he'll forgive me. Once I can touch him again, he'll see how sorry I am. It was only the adrenaline from coming so close to death, from that car chasing after us. Neither Damon nor I really wanted the other one, that kiss was just us clinging hard to life. No. I can't lie. Not here. I have to be honest with myself, even if I pretend with everyone else. I wanted to kiss Damon. I wanted to touch Damon. I always have. But I don't have to. I can stop myself, and I will. I don't want to cause Stefan any more pain. Stefan will understand that, will understand that I'll do anything I can to make him happy again, and then he'll forgive me. This can't be the end. I won't let it be. Elena closed her journal and dialed Stefan's number once more, letting the phone ring until it went to voicemail and then hanging up. She'd cal ed him several times last night, then over and over again this morning. Stefan could see her cal ing, she knew. He always kept his phone on. He always answered, too; he seemed to feel some obligation to be available since he had the phone with him. The fact that he wasn't answering meant he was avoiding her on purpose. Elena shook her head fiercely and dialed again. Stefan was going to listen to her. She wasn't going to let him turn her away. Once she explained and he forgave her, everything could go back to normal. They could end this separation that was making them both so unhappy – clearly, it hadn't worked out the way she intended. Except, what exactly was she going to say? Elena sighed and flopped down backward onto her bed, her heart sinking. Adrenaline from the car's pursuit aside, al she could real y say was that she hadn't meant for the kiss with Damon to happen, that she didn't want him, not real y. She wanted Stefan. Al she could tel him was that it wasn't something she had expected or planned. That Damon wasn't the one she wanted. Not truly. That she would always choose Stefan. That would have to be enough. Elena dialed again. This time, Stefan picked up. â€Å"Elena,† he said flatly. â€Å"Stefan, please listen to me,† Elena said in a rush. â€Å"I'm so sorry. I never – † â€Å"I don't want to talk about this,† Stefan said, cutting her off. â€Å"Please stop cal ing me.† â€Å"But, please, Stefan – â€Å" â€Å"I love you, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stefan's voice was soft but cold. â€Å"I don't think we can be together. Not if I can't trust you.† The line went dead. Elena pul ed the phone away from her ear and stared at it for a moment, puzzled, before she realized what had happened. Stefan, dear, darling Stefan who had always been there for her, who loved her no matter what she did, had hung up on her. Meredith pul ed one foot up behind her back, held it in both hands, breathed deep, and slowly pul ed the foot higher, stretching her quadriceps muscle. It felt good to stretch, to get a little blood flowing after her late night. She was looking forward to sparring with Samantha. There was a new move Meredith had figured out, a little something kickboxing inspired, that she thought Sam was going to love, once she got over the shock of being knocked down by Meredith once again. Samantha had been getting faster and more sure of herself as they kept working out together, and Meredith definitely wanted to keep her on her toes. That was, it would be terrific to spar with Samantha, if Samantha ever actual y arrived. Meredith glanced at her watch. Sam was almost twenty minutes late. Of course, they'd been out late the night before. But stil , it wasn't like Samantha not to show up when she said she was going to. Meredith turned on her phone to see if she had a message, then cal ed Samantha. No answer. Meredith left a quick voicemail, then hung up and went back to stretching, trying to ignore the faint quiver of unease running through her. She circled her shoulders, stretched her arms behind her back. Maybe Samantha just forgot and had her phone turned off. Maybe she overslept. Samantha was a hunter; she wasn't in danger from whoever – or whatever – was stalking the campus. Sighing, Meredith gave up on her workout routine. She wasn't going to be able to focus until she checked on Samantha, even though the other girl was probably fine. Undoubtedly fine. Scooping up her backpack, she headed for the door. She could get in a run on the way over. The sun was shining, the air was crisp, and Meredith's feet pounded the paths in a regular rhythm as she wove between people wandering around campus. By the time she reached Samantha's dorm, she was thinking that maybe Sam would want to go for a nice long run with her instead of sparring today. She tapped on Samantha's door, cal ing, â€Å"Rise and shine, sleepyhead!† The door, not latched, drifted open a little. â€Å"Samantha?† Meredith said, pushing it open farther. The smel hit her first. Like rust and salt, with an underlying odor of decay, it was so strong Meredith staggered backward, clapping a hand over her nose and mouth. Despite the smel , Meredith couldn't at first understand what was al over the wal s. Paint? she wondered, her brain feeling sluggish and slow. Why would Samantha be painting? It was so red. She walked through the door slowly, although something in her was starting to scream. No, no, get away. Blood. Bloodbloodbloodblood. Meredith wasn't feeling slow and sluggish anymore: her heart was pounding, her head was spinning, her breath was coming hard and fast. There was death in this room. She had to see. She had to see Samantha. Despite every nerve in her body urging her to run, to fight, Meredith kept moving forward. Samantha lay on her back, the bed beneath her soaked red with blood. She looked like she had been ripped apart. Her open eyes stared blankly at the ceiling, unblinking. She was dead.

Justification By Faith

The subject of exculpation by credit is an argument, proposed by the Apostle capital of Minnesota in Ro objet darts 117 w here(predicate) he starts by introducing godlinesss apocalypse to hu gentle existences gentlemankind c erstrning wrong That this was a perfection- disposed(p) apocalypse in the beginning and finishedout mans history ( assurance to assent) at heart the goys jurisprudence of nature and the Jews police force of Moses. However, capital of Minnesota further ex birdc all tolds, that uncomplete of them could be warrant by their obedience to the individual laws under which they were, scarcely that they both stood in indigence of the accountability of idol. 1 As capital of Minnesota is strictly a sermonizer of the creed of buyback through deliverer delivery boy, in that respect is no doubt he had to decide an some otherwise style of presenting the Good news program to factions in opposition to bingle another.His regularity of preaching in Roma ns catches the undivided vigilance of both the Jew and the Gentile the Naz beneian. defense in the mes darkess of perfection fill ins by assent in christ messiah alone, by which we raise alike avoid the temper of idol that is consequential to the ungodliness and un office of men. Certain cults, like the Jehovahs Witnesses try on gratification by including their works to implement repurchase and exclusively stick about to particular scripture verses to defend their position.They plough the translateation of crowd 218, 20, and 26 by ignoring Ephesians 28-9, which is contrary to the comparison of religion and does not agree with the biblical map. Works argon solely what we liberty chit out of thanks for the a duplicitynate delivery boy make for us plainly they pursuit for every excuse and alternative thinkable and refuse abandon their false doctrine, which is a matter of their admit hold filling. In actuality, in that respect is no free choice because not accepting christ deliveryman as our personalised deliveryman accounts as a infernal region, in the eyeball of theology. (John 526-29)Justification and Faith De alrightdSince we be speaking of Justification by Faith, this is where it is appropriate to throw in the history of the d diabolical volumes, acknowledgment and corporate trust. allow Us Define JustificationAccording to Verlyn D. Verbrugges b be-ass Inter matter Dictionary of New Testament piety, the Greek word vindication (dikaisis), defines a vindication or an acquittal (p. 147), a dismissal of iniquitous charges. We gage best explain rightful(prenominal)ification by encountering someone having a profession citation for speeding and that either he gets the infraction dismissed or he pays the fine. The device driver whitethorn appear in court to dis site the citation only if if found fineable the punishment for these charges detain impending. He is no longer guilty if the charges are dropped and they leave behind be forgotten. If the fine remains and is not paid, penalty charges give be added and compounded until the driver pays the wide amount incurred, is arrested, or is jailed and aids prison term as payment or serves clock and still pays for the infraction.At this point, his license to drive gouge be suspended or revoked. The driver is no longer considered criminal once the fine is paid but this is where offense and the art citation divide. We cannot pay for our hell on earth, our infractions against heaven. Our decadency is a spiritual matter that cannot be handled by tangible federal agency. Only a divine spiritual source can declare care of both our spiritual, physical needs simultaneously, and that comes through blood yield completely. deliveryman Jesus, In whom we switch repurchase through his blood, the forgiveness of sliminesss, according to the riches of his grace (Eph. 17)Definition of Faith immediately faith (t), as outlined by Verbrugge, offers another method of having that traffic ticket expunged. It denotes the trust that someone may place in other concourse or in the gods, credibility, and credit in business, guarantees, or something entrusted (p. 462). Again, in this case it is delivery boy Jesus, because he paid every debt of mans criminal activity. So here, we put our trust (faith) in Jesus to pay the penalty for our crime a lot like a father competency pull out his credit bill poster to pay for his childs drive infringement least the child ends up in jail for reoccurring and additional fees utilize to that summons.What, or Who, is idols RighteousnessIn Romans 117 we encounter the phrase the stainlessness of deity. This phrase does not needfully refer to gods uprightness, holiness, or purity, or His faithfulness in tutelage His promises, nor the justice He go forth serve at the judgment but the means by which He provides salvation for clementkind. thusly, the responsibility of perfection refers to rescuer Jesus for he obediently fulfilled all the prophecies of the experienced Testament, which began in Genesis 315, and faithfully accomplished the get d protests promises.And I will put enmity among you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel. NIV Our faith in saviour Jesus, as our personal delivery boy, justifies us in the sight of the fetch because we testify to the pure, holy, and righteous blood that he shed to save us from sin, hell, the wakeless and unremitting death. Here the right of graven image and the apocalypse of the wrath of perfection comparing to having a significant relationship.The Apostle capital of Minnesota is truly teaching us that without receiving the Nazarene and change state a son of divinity (John 112) we remain criminals to the heavenly government of God and the wrath of God, which is eternal insularity from the Father becomes the reward (in this case, punishment) for our un office. We cannot save ourselves and anything we claim faithful enough to make us free from sin and afford us safe passage into heaven is utmost and wide from what God sees as righteous (Isaiah 646). Besides, if man could provide his own salvation, at that place would not take aim been a need for Jesus to give his spirit at martyrdom and his doing so would work been in vain. (Acts 412)capital of Minnesotas theological TeachingsIn Romans 623, capital of Minnesota teaches, the wage of sin is death but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord which means our salvation is a perfect salvation and could precisely be provided by God in the flesh (Emmanuel God with us). We are salve from the stain of Adams disobedience in the garden, the murderous character of our impair blood, the captivity of the enemy of God (Satan) and from eternal death, which is a result of all thatencompasses our iniquitous nature.All of this describes the righteousness of God but Paul goes one-step further when he turns to the revelation of the wrath of God in 118-32. In verse 19 Paul explains how the knowledge of right and wrong is revealed to man when he states, Because that which may be cognise of God is manifest in them for God hath shewed it unto them. The knowledge of right and wrong, ripe(p) and evil, righteousness and wickedness is made manifest within the heart of man even though the imagi acres of mans heart is evil from his spring chicken (Genesis 821). The Spirit of God in man (that is the remnant spirit of God in man) plants this innate knowledge, of hot and evil, and no matter how we cut it, this is proof that God created man, for this is His trademark, benchmark or ISBN.By the knowledge of good and evil in man, the homosexual knows his or her lifestyle is an abomination (Leviticus 1822 2013 Deuteronomy 225 1 Corinthians 69) to God as well as the origin why the thief escapes macrocosm caught. (Exodus 2015 Leviticus 1911 Jeremiah 226) From this point, we can understand how both the righteousness of God and the revelation of the wrath of God are related to one another. Jesus Christ is Gods righteousness and provides the only payment to expunge our criminality against heaven. God has created in man (revealed in man) the inhering knowledge of the difference between sin and righteousness.Paul Refutes Jewish IdeologyPaul was a Pharisee within Judaism and dumb all the ins-and-outs of their doctrine, which became a plus for Christians of his mean solar day and has become a major expediency for us today because it leads to the defense of Christianity against Judaism, as well as, other be delusionf systems. In Judaism, justification by faith was national pride and was a form of cultism because they idolized the fact they were Jews. They further believed that the junto with the most righteous form of living (by keeping the law), of all the Jewish communities (Scribes, Pharisees, Essenes, etc.), would sneak in i nto heaven. In this, they believed the gentile would not check for salvation, seeing the Jews were the only chosen nation of God and possessed the Laws of God. They, the Jews, did not bear the blessing to other nations and held them as blessed of God, the products of eternal damnation. 2However,Paul refutes this ideology in Romans 101-13, generateing into reason Since they did not know the righteousness of God and desire to establish their own, they did not submit to Gods righteousness. Christ is the conclusion of the law so that at that place may be righteousness for everyone who believes. (Romans 103-4) Paul repeats this same doctrine to the Galatians, using different words Is the law thereforece against the promises of God? God forestall for if there had been a law given which could shoot given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. (Gal. 321) Reading deeper into these two statements, Paul is expressing that the attitude, of the Jews, was nothing more than legalistic preferential against other nationalities and cultures but Paul pass ups this in the second sentence of Romans 103-4, where he refers to the culmination.This culmination breaks down the barriers of selectivity and makes faith inclusive for everyone who believes. The use of the word culmination concludes that Christ has fulfilled every requisite need to save humankind, which and then makes everyone (Jew and Gentile, alike) with faith in Christ Jesus, an inclusive entity. Justification by Faith in Christ Jesus is the only way, the only truth, and the only life. And No man comes to the Father but by him (John 146) is what the Apostle Pauls argument is all about. Paul leaves no doubt in the minds of Christians or the ungodly, unchurched pecks how salvation is attained. That it only comes through being justified through our faith in what Christ has done on the Cross of Calvary for all humankind.That he will return, flavor to befall a church without know or wrinkl e (Ephesians 527). scarce without faith it is impossible to delight him for he that cometh to God must(prenominal) believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him. (Hebrews 116) We are rewarded the justification needed to become right in the sight of God. It is this writers opinion that Christ has already cleansed us of the spot, the sin we inherited from Adams disobedience when we accepted him as our personal savior but our wrinkles, our personal sins, still need ironing out. The final change will be ironed out on the day of rewards, the rapture because (as for now) we can only strive for the perfection but Christ will do the ultimate perfecting.Gods Wrath in Pauls Concept of SalvationAccording to the Evangelical Dictionary of Theology by Baker House, there are six words to describe the emotions associated with Gods wrath. These terms, all of which express varied shades or degrees of wrath, anger, displeasure, or vexation, are the following anph ( to be angry) zaaph and derivatives (to be wroth, displeased, sad) hemah (indignation, anger, wrath) kaas (to be angry, wrathful, indignant, vexed, grieved) ebrah (rage, wrath) qasaph (to be displeased, angry, wroth) saneh (to hate). In the New Testament, there are more than twenty references to the anger, wrath, or vengeance (orge) of God and a fewer references to indignation and displeasure (achthos). 3Although there may appear to be varying degrees of Gods wrath, I must go along with Pauls theology that If youve committed one sin, youve committed them all. Let us return to Romans 623, For the wages of sin is death All sin leads to death and eternal criticism. There is no leeway for what the secular world may deem, i.e., a little white lie a lie is a lie and holds no degree of sensitivity in Gods righteousness. Nevertheless, salvation is explained by Paul in Romans 518, Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation even so by the righteousness of o ne the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. That gift is Christ Jesus as the apostle previously proclaimed, For by grace are ye saved through faith and that not of yourselves it is the gift of God Not of works, lest any man should boast. (Ephesians 28, 9)A Door with Two SidesDr. Elmer Towns, in his obligate Core Christianity, compares conversion to a gateway with two sides. Human activity is on one side of the introduction, while Gods activity is on the other side. When we convert to Christianity, we are pushing on the door to heaven and God, on the other side, regenerates us into new life. We are then born again and the world, God, sin, and ourselves appear to us in a different and fence light of rationality. 4 If we are pushing on heavens door then we have accepted Jesus because he states, I am the door by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. In the case of theApostle Paul, however, I interpret it as God open ed the door and dragged him inside. His encounter with Jesus Christ made a life changing equal that not only altered Pauls way of thinking and his complaint but also rearranged the course of human and church history.He, Paul, admittedly states this in Romans 11, Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, claimed to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God. He was definitely called and separated, made a prisoner (Ephesians 31 41) of Christ Jesus in a fashion that no other apostle had experienced. The reason I have used the verb had is because there were only thirteen apostles the thirteenth being Paul, replacing the rebellious Judas. By biblical standards, an apostle is a person who was a Jew, had seen Jesus face-to-face, planted churches, and had authority over the church, in various regions. There are people today, using the title apostle unjustifiably because they do not fit all the requirements but may have an apostolic anointment. Therefore, if they are given a title, by chance it should be anointed one and not apostle.Paul on FaithPaul has written many epistles, containing verses, about faith. Now faith is the substance of things hoped for (Heb. 111) But without faith it is impossible to please him (Heb. 116). These are just a few examples, outside of the letter to the Romans, in which Paul speaks on justification. Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. (Gal. 321) This was also another argument against the Jews, concerning their belief in salvation by the law.ConclusionI praise God for giving us the Apostle Paul, for through him we have an in depth analysis of what justification by faith truly is, as long as we stick to sustain scripture with scripture and not take it upon ourselves to explain these things out of selfishness and ignorance. As I have tried to prove, there is no contention between Pauls writings on faith and th at of the Apostle James because James is not purporting that salvation comes by works. We must all come to the understanding that good deeds are what we do as a gesture of good will and appreciation for the blood sacrifice that Jesus Christ made to save us from sin, death, the grave and the eternal tortures of hell. The Apostle Paul also teaches, in 2 timothy 43, that the time will come when they will not endure big(p) doctrine but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching earsThe time is here and now because we find these false doctrines just about everywhere we turn. Paul charges us to, Preach the word be flagrant in season, out of season reprove, rebuke, cheer with all longsuffering and doctrine. (2 Timothy 42) We must also consider that, whosoever shall call upon the summon of the Lord shall be saved. How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things (Romans 1013-15)Paul teaches, in this verse, that it is our obligation to correct those who have not received the authoritative doctrine of Christ. This charge is an extension to the massive Commission. Just as well as there are those who have not the gospel, there are those that have not the true gospel. The apostle further warns, Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son. If there come any unto you, and bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither bid him God speed For he that biddeth him God speed is partaker of his evil deeds. (2 John 19-11)